 1668 Meetinghouse
New Haven, Connecticut - 1668 (c1888 illustration)
Cover illustration, History of the Colony of New Haven to its Absorption into Connecticut By Edward E. Atwater, c1888, and Digitized by the Arnold Bernhard Library, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, 2001 (7/2007); mentioned in "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993)
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 Norwalk Town House
Norwalk, Connecticut - 1779-1835 (c1835 illustration)
Figure 12, "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993)
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 Daviess County Courthouse
Gallatin, Daviess County, Illinois - 1840-1886 (1876 illustration)
Figure 1, "Diffusion of Foursquare Courthouses to the Midwest 1785-1885" (Ohman 1982)
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 Shelby County Courthouse
Shelbyville, Shelby County, Illinois - restorative sketch
Figure 15, Architecture of the Old Northwest Territory (Newcomb 1950)
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 Vermillion County Courthouse
Danville, Vermillion County, Illinois - restorative sketch
Figure 16, Architecture of the Old Northwest Territory (Newcomb 1950)
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Harrison County Courthouse (First Indiana State Capitol)
Corydon, Harrison County, Indiana
Figure 7, "Diffusion of Foursquare Courthouses to the Midwest 1785-1885" (Ohman 1982); c1980 postcard
The postcard, bought in Masieville, near Chillicothe, Ohio, erroneously says that the photo is of the First Ohio Statehouse in Chillicothe.
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 Marion County Courthouse
Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana - restorative sketch
Figure 19, Architecture of the Old Northwest Territory (Newcomb 1950)
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 Third Fayette County Courthouse
Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky - 1806-1883 (c1870s)
Figure 7.12, Antebellum Architecture of Kentucky (Lancaster 1994)
Breaking the rules with three stories, but still clearly in the form.
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 Washington County Courthouse
Springfield, Washington County, Kentucky (1940)
1940 HABS/HAER photograph
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 Nelson County Courthouse
Bardstown, Nelson County, Kentucky - 1795-1891
Figure 6, "Diffusion of Foursquare Courthouses to the Midwest 1785-1885" (Ohman 1982)
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 Berkshire County Courthouse
Lenox, Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Figure 13, "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993)
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 "Old Brick Meeting-House"
Boston, Massachusetts - 1713-1808
Figure 61, Early American Architecture, from the First Colonial Settlements to the National Period (Morrison 1952); mentioned in "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993)
Also breaking the rules with three stories, but close to the form.
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 "Old Ship" Meetinghouse
Hingham, Massachusetts - 1681, enlarged 1731 and 1755
Photo from Boston College Prof. Jeffery Howe's A Digital Archive of Architecture; mentioned in "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993). Information from pages 80-81, Early American Architecture, from the First Colonial Settlements to the National Period (Morrison 1952)
This appears to ba a view of the rear and side. The building was originally narrower and with side gablets on the hipped roof; additions were to each side.
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 First Town Hall
Pitsfield, Massachusetts - 1793 (1869 illustration)
Figure 15, "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993)
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 Courthouse (?)
Westfield, Massachusetts
Figure 18, "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993)
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 "Ancient Church"
West Springfield, Massachusetts - 1704 (c1838 illustration)
Figure 64, Early American Architecture, from the First Colonial Settlements to the National Period (Morrison 1952); Figure 1, "Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720-1850" (Sweeney 1993)
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 Adair County Courthouse
Kirksville, Adair County, Missouri, 1852-1865
From "Adair County History" webpage (7/2007)
A relatively late arrival for the form: 1852. The lower roof pitch may be an element of the Italianate style, popular at that time.
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 Dallas County Courthouse
Buffalo, Jackson County, Missouri - to 1955 (1973)
Figure 11, "Diffusion of Foursquare Courthouses to the Midwest 1785-1885" (Ohman 1982)
Either this was a very late version, or it was updated in full Victoriana. This appears to be a view of the rear and side.
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 Jackson County Courthouse
Independence, Jackson County, Missouri - 1836
Figure 10, "Diffusion of Foursquare Courthouses to the Midwest 1785-1885" (Ohman 1982)
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 St. Francios County Courthouse
Farmington, Jackson County, Missouri - 1823-1848 (1826 sketch)
Figure 9, "Diffusion of Foursquare Courthouses to the Midwest 1785-1885" (Ohman 1982)
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 Johnson County Courthouse
Warrensburg, Johnson County, Missouri - 1838-present (2000)
2000 photo from "County Courthouse Photos: Ex-Johnson County Courthouse (Built 1838), Warrensburg, Missouri" webpage (7/2007);
also Figure 9, "Diffusion of Foursquare Courthouses to the Midwest 1785-1885" (Ohman 1982)
Abandoned as a courthouse 1878; later restored as a museum. It may have originally lacked a cupola. This is the sole remaining Foursquare Courthouse in Missouri.
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Market House
Fayetteville, North Carolina
An Englishman's photo, viewable at "Enigma cruising on: Fayetteville Market House" (accessed 1/14/08)
This building is an echo or reversion to the English Market House, a building type which is probably the main origin of the Foursquare Court House. It is significant that this building has a squarish main volume even when using a rectangular foundation (see below).
This is probably because of its construction on the foundation of its predesessor, the "old State House" of North Carolina (right), which also had the arcaded ground floor and hip-roofed second storey.
As stated on the city's webpage about the building, "Architecturally unique in North Carolina, the Market House is one of the few structures in America to use this town hall-market scheme found in England."
Text from Wikipedia's entry on Fayetteville, North Carolina (accessed 1/15/08): The "Great Fire" of 1831 was believed to be one of the worst in the nation's history, even though, remarkably, no lives were lost. Hundreds of homes and businesses and most of its best-known public buildings were lost, including the old "State House." Fayetteville leaders moved quickly to help the victims and rebuild the town.
The Market House, completed in 1832, became the center of commerce and celebration. The structure was built on the ruins of the old State House. It was a town market until 1906. Slaves were sold there before abolition. It served as Fayetteville Town Hall until 1907.
The City Council is considering turning the Market House into a local history museum.
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 Old North Carolina Capitol
Raleigh, North Carolina
"Watercolor of original State House by J.S. Glennie, 1811" from Princeton University Library, viewable at "The North Carolina State Capitol: Pride of the State - Visual Evidence" (accessed 1/7/08)
This building appears to be of the form. This is probably a view of its side, with gablets adorning the front and back.
A sum of $10,000 was set aside for this building and it was begun in 1792, occupied in 1794, and completed in 1796. From 1822-1826 it was enlarged with a third floor, east and west wings, and a domed rotunda (see the above website for an image), but in 1831 when the roof was in the process of being fireproofed the building was accidently burned down. The extant Greek Revival styled capitol was built in its place 1833-1840.
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This gallery continues with Gallery 2
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